Heredity and Evolution notes
CHAPTER – 9 HEREDITY AND EVOLUTION ˜ Genetics : Branch of science that deals with Heredity and variation. ˜ Heredity : It means the transmission of features/ characters/ traits from one generation to the next generation. ˜ Variation : The differences among the individuals of a species/ population are called variations. Mendel and His Work on Inheritance ˜ Gregor Johann Mendel (1822-1884) : Started his experiments on plant breeding and hybridization and proposed the laws of inheritance in living organisms. Mendel ® was known as Father of Genetics ˜ Plant selected by Mendel : Pisum sativum (garden pea). Mendel used a seven pairs of contrasting characters for garden pea. (TABLE OF CONTRASTING CHARACTERS. SEVEN PARTS) CHARACTER DOMINANT TRAIT RECESSIVE TRAIT Flower colour Flower position Seed colour Seed shape Pod shape Pod colour Height of plant Violet Axial Yellow Round Inflated Green Tall White Termi