Sexual Reproduction When reproduction takes place as a result of fusion of two gametes, one from each parent, it is called sexual reproduction The process of fusion of male and female gametes is called fertilization . The formation of gametes involves exchange of chromosomal (genetic) fragments between homologous chromosomes causing genetic recombination which leads to variation . Gametes : Special Reproductive cells are different from normal cells as they have half the number of chromosomes. e.g Human cells have 46 chromosomes but sperm and egg have 46/2=23 chromosomes. So when sperm and egg fuse, zygote will have 23+23= 46 chromosome. Male gamete : small in size and motile (has tail) Female gamete: big in size ( because of stored food reserve) and non motile. Sexual Reproduction in Plants It occurs mostly in flowering plants. In fact flowers are the reproductive organ of plants. FLOWERS ...
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